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1.
Rev Mal Respir ; 38(3): 225-230, 2021 Mar.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33341327

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Indications for pulmonary excision are dominated by infectious pulmonary pathologies in developing countries. We conducted this study to describe the indications and results of pulmonary resections in the thoracic surgery department of the Mali hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective and descriptive study from January 2012 to December 2019, carried out in the thoracic surgery department of the Mali hospital. It involved 76 patients who had a pulmonary resection. The variables studied were the epidemiological data, the operating indications, the therapeutic data and the prognosis. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 35.5 years. The sex ratio was 1.7. The average consultation time in thoracic surgery was 11.6 months with extremes of 7 days and 96 months. A history of pulmonary tuberculosis was noted in 46.1% of patients. The main indications for pulmonary resection were infectious parenchymal destruction in 64.5%, bullous dystrophy in 14.5%, bronchopulmonary cancer in 11.8% and thoracic trauma in 4% of the cases. The procedures performed were: a lobectomy (39.5%), atypical resection (36.8%), culminectomy (7.9%) and pneumonectomy (15.8%). Morbidity was dominated by thoracic empyema (9.2%) postoperative hemorrhage (5.2%), parietal suppuration (7.8%) and bronchopleural fistula (1.3%). The average length of hospital stay was 14.3 days. Mortality was 10.5%. There was a statistically significant correlation between pneumonectomy and deaths (P=0.01). CONCLUSION: Infectious lung destruction is the main indication for pulmonary resection in Mali. The consultation period is quite long. Morbidity and mortality remains high.


Assuntos
Fístula Brônquica , Países em Desenvolvimento , Adulto , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Pneumonectomia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Mali Med ; 33(1): 1-5, 2018.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30484582

RESUMO

AIM: Our aim was to evaluate the diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of the amoebic liver abscesses in the surgery «A¼ department of the University hospital Point "G". PATIENTS AND METHODS: Were included in this study, patients admitted to the surgery «A¼ department for amoebic liver abscess confirmed by a positive amoebic serology and the chocolate appearance of bacteria-free pus. Bacterial liver abscesses were not included into this study. RESULTS: Over a 10-year period, 52 cases of patients diagnosed with amoebic liver abscess were collected in the department. There were 41 men and 11 women, with a sex ratio of 3.7. The mean age was 37.8 years old with extremes of 15 and 66 years. The most represented professions were farmers (36.5%) followed by salesmen (26.7%) and students (11.5%). The average outpatient visit delay time was 18.5 days with the extremes of 5 and 34 days. The most frequent clinical signs were pain in the right hypochondrium (86.5%), fever (78.8%) and hepatomegaly (61.5%). Abdominal ultrasound showed a single located abscess in 44 patients (84.6%) and these abscesses were localized in the right hepatic lobe in 34 patients(65.4%). The average volume of the abscess was 366.5 cm3 with the extremes of 36 cm3 and 1580 cm3. Amoebic serology was positive in 38 patients (80.9%). Cytobacteriological analysis of pus in 37 patients (71%) was negative. Patients underwent an ultrasound assisted needle aspiration of pus in 65.4% he. Laparotomy and a laparoscopic approach were performed in 7.7% and in 5.8%, respectively. The clinical course was uneventfulin 94.2%. The mean hospital stay duration was 16.5 days with the extremes of 4 and 29 days. No death was recorded during hospitalization. CONCLUSION: Amoebic liver abscess is an uncommon pathology in a surgical setting. Abdominal ultrasound andechography guided liver puncture allowed the diagnosis. Laparoscopic approach minimizes the burden of the laparotomy.


BUT: Le but de cette étude était d'évaluer les aspects diagnostiques et thérapeutiques des abcès amibiens du foie dans le service de chirurgie " A " du CHU du Point G. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Ont été inclus dans cette étude, les patients admis dans le service de chirurgie "A" pour abcès amibien du foie sur la base de la positivité de la sérologie amibienne, de l'aspect chocolat du pus et de l'absence de bactéries dans le pus. Les abcès bactériens ont été exclus de cette étude. RÉSULTATS: En 10 ans, 52 dossiers de patients diagnostiqués pour abcès amibiens du foie ont été colligés dans le service. Il s'est agi de 41 hommes et de 11 femmes soit un sex-ratio de 3,7. L'âge moyen des patients a été de 37,8 ans avec des extrêmes de 15ans et 66 ans. Les professions les plus représentées ont été les cultivateurs (36,5%), les commerçants (26,7%) et les élèves et étudiants (11,5%).Le délai moyen de consultation a été de 18,5 jours avec des extrêmes de 5 jours et 34 jours. Les signes cliniques les plus fréquents ont été la douleur de l'hypochondre droit (86,5%), la fièvre (78,8%) et l'hépatomégalie (61,5%). L'échographie abdominale a objectivé un abcès unique dans 44 cas (84,6%) et l'abcès a été localisé dans le lobe hépatique droit dans 34 cas (65,4%). Le volume moyen de l'abcès était de 366,5cm3 avec des extrêmes de 36 cm3 et 1580cm3. La sérologie amibienne a été positive dans 80,9% (n = 38). La culture a été stérile à l'analyse cytobactériologique du pus dans 37 cas (71%). Une ponction évacuatrice écho-guidée a été réalisée dans 65,4% des cas. La procédure chirurgicale a consisté à réaliser une laparotomie dans 7,7% des cas et un abord coelioscopique dans 5,8%. Les antibiotiques utilisés ont été le métronidazole par voie intraveineuse chez tous les patients, associés à la céftriaxone dans 78,8% (n=41). L'évolution clinique a été favorable dans 94,2%. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation a été de 16,5 jours avec des extrêmes de 4 jours et 29 jours. Aucun décès n'a été constaté pendant l'hospitalisation. CONCLUSION: L'abcès amibien du foie est une pathologie peu fréquente en milieu chirurgical. L'échographie abdominale et la ponction écho-guidée ont permis de poser le diagnostic. Le traitement par abord coelioscopique minimise les inconvénients de la laparotomie.


Assuntos
Abscesso Hepático Amebiano/diagnóstico , Abscesso Hepático Amebiano/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Centro Cirúrgico Hospitalar , Adulto Jovem
3.
Rev Mal Respir ; 34(7): 742-748, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27132213

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Necrotizing cellulitis of dental origin is a serious disease and requires prompt and effective management to avoid adverse outcomes. The purpose of this work is to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties encountered in this condition. METHODS: This was a prospective study in the thoracic surgery department of Mali Hospital from January 2011 to February 2015. We collected consecutively 19 cases of complicating cervico-facial cellulitis of dental origin. The anatomical and clinical aspects, therapeutic modalities and difficulties are described. RESULTS: Dental pain and fever were the predominant symptoms followed by cervical edema. Chest CT-scan was the basis for the diagnosis in all cases. Cervicotomy with debridement was the most performed surgical procedure. Pleural drainage was performed in 6 cases. Three patients (15.8%) died. CONCLUSION: Necrotizing cellulitis of dental origin is a serious disease with high morbidity and mortality. The key radiological examination is the thoracic CT-scan. Early medico-surgical management by emergency care, tailored antibiotic therapy, removal of necrotizing tissues and drainage of collections are required to deliver a good outcome.


Assuntos
Celulite (Flegmão)/etiologia , Face/patologia , Pescoço/patologia , Doenças Estomatognáticas/complicações , Adulto , Celulite (Flegmão)/diagnóstico , Celulite (Flegmão)/epidemiologia , Celulite (Flegmão)/patologia , Países em Desenvolvimento/estatística & dados numéricos , Drenagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mali/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Necrose/complicações , Necrose/diagnóstico , Necrose/epidemiologia , Necrose/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Transplante de Pele , Doenças Estomatognáticas/diagnóstico , Doenças Estomatognáticas/epidemiologia , Doenças Estomatognáticas/terapia , Adulto Jovem
4.
Mali Med ; 31(1): 13-17, 2016.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30079658

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the surgical treatment of goiter in the «A¼ surgical department of the Point G University Hospital in Bamako. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective and descriptive study in the «A¼ surgical department of the Point G University Hospital from January 2007 to August 2014. Included in the study were all the patients operated for goiter. The patients who underwent surgery for other thyroid diseases were not selected. Postoperatively patients were followed for one year. The sociodemographic, clinical, para-clinical, therapeutic aspects and the postoperative course were the study parameters. Data analysis was performed on SPSS 21. The Chi square test was used for statistical analysis. A p-value inferior to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 378 patients' records were collected. Thyroidectomy represented 6.2% (378 cases) over 6027 operations. The mean age was 41.29 years with a standard deviation of 13.58. Extremes were 3 and 85 years. The sex ratio was 7.22 in favor of women. The frequent reason for consultation was due to antero-cervical tumor with 97.07% of cases (n = 367). We identified 118 cases (31.22%) of goiter in cooled hyperthyroidism patients, 211 cases (55.82%) of euthyroid goiter, 7 cases (1.85%) of the thyroid neoplasia and one case (0.3%) of hypothyroidism goiter. Pathological histology helped to highlight a micro-vesicular macro adenoma in 16.1% of cases (61 patients); adenocarcinoma in 0.7% of cases (3 patients) and papillary carcinoma in 1.1% of patients (4 patients). The patients classified as ASA I and ASA II represented the majority with respectively 248 cases (65.60%) and 120 cases (31.74%). The most performed surgical techniques were subtotal thyroidectomy (n=181; 49.7%), the isthmo-lobectomy (126; 33.3%), total thyroidectomy (n=11; 2.9%) and sternotomy in one case of endothoracic goiter. Intraoperative complications were marked by hemorrhage in 12.7% of cases (45 patients). The postoperative one month follow up was uneventful in 91.79% (n = 347) and transient recurrent nerve injury was found in 2% of cases (1 patient). In one year follow up the postoperative outcome was good in 94.17% (n = 356) of patients. The mean hospital stay was 4.18 days. Six deaths were recorded (1.7%). CONCLUSION: Goiter surgery is relatively common in the surgery 'A' department of the Point G University hospital. Good patient preparation and a better postoperative monitoring could help to minimize postoperative complications.


Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer la prise en charge chirurgicale des goitres dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du Point G, à Bamako. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective et descriptive menée dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du POINT G, de Janvier 2007 à Août 2014. Ont été inclus dans l'étude tous les patients reçus et opérés pour goitre. N'ont pas été retenus les patients opérés pour un kyste du tractus thyréoglosse, les abcès cervicaux, les traumatismes du cou, et les dossiers incomplets. Les patients ont été suivis pendant un an en postopératoire. Les aspects sociodémographiques, cliniques, para cliniques, thérapeutiques, ainsi que les suites opératoires ont été les paramètres d'étude. L'analyse des données a été effectuée sur le logiciel SPSS version 21. Le test statistique utilisé a été le Khi 2. Une valeur de p< 0,05 a été considérée comme statistiquement significative. RÉSULTATS: Un total de 378 dossiers de patients ont été colligés. La thyroïdectomie a représenté 6,2% (378 cas) sur 6027 interventions. L'âge moyen était de 41,99 ans avec un écart type de 13,58. Les extrêmes étaient de 3 ans et 85 ans. Le sex ratio était de 7,22 en faveur du sexe féminin. La tuméfaction antero-cervicale était le motif de consultation le plus fréquent avec 97,07% des cas (n= 367). Nous avons recensé 118 cas (31,22%) de goitre en hyperthyroïdie refroidie, 211 cas (55,82%) de goitre euthyroïdien, 7 cas (1,85%) de néoplasie de la thyroïde, un cas (0,3%) d'hypothyroïdie. L'histologie a permis de mettre en évidence un adénome micro-macro vésiculaire dans 16,1% des cas (61 patients); un adénocarcinome dans 0,7% des cas (3 patients); un carcinome papillaire dans 1,1% des cas (4 patients). Les patients de classe ASA I et ASA II étaient majoritaires avec respectivement (248 cas; 65,60%, et 120 cas; 31,74%). Les techniques chirurgicales les plus réalisées étaient la thyroïdectomie subtotale (181; 49,7%), l'isthmo-lobectomie (126; 33,3%), une thyroïdectomie totale (11; 2,9%); une sternotomie dans un cas de goitre endothoracique. Une hémorragie était notée dans 12,7% des cas (45 patients) en peropératoire. Les suites opératoires à un mois étaient simples dans 91,79% (n=347) et une lésion transitoire du nerf récurrent dans 2% des cas (1 patient). Les suites opératoires à un an étaient simples chez 94,17% (n=356) des patients. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation était de 4,18 jours. Six décès ont été enregistrés (1,7%). CONCLUSION: La chirurgie des goitres est relativement fréquente dans le service de chirurgie «A¼ du CHU du POINT G. Une bonne préparation et une meilleure surveillance post opératoire pourraient aider à minimiser les complications post opératoires.

5.
Mali Med ; 30(2): 49-52, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927146

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to analyze the diagnostic circumstances and the therapeutic management of mediastinal disease of a cervical origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal prospective and retrospective descriptive study in the ENT department of the Gabriel Touré Hospital in Bamako, involving the records of patients treated for mediastinitis complicating cervical cellulite from January 2011 to April 2014. RESULTS: Eight patients met our inclusion criteria. The median age was 29 years, the standard deviation was 10.23 years with extremes of 25 and 57 years. All were initially admitted for dental reasons. The median time to consultation was 13 days with extremes of 10 days and 1 month. Six patients had non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before entry into the service. Cervical and thoracic CT scan was used to guide diagnosis in all cases. Seven patients underwent mediastinal drainage through cervicotomy, 3 patients underwent percutaneous pleural drainage under ultrasound guidance. We had two deaths. CONCLUSION: Mediastinitis in cervical cellulitis is a serious infectious disease where the mortality rate remains high. Mediastinal drainage was performed by cervical route. Prevention is based on the awareness and the importance of dental hygiene and getting proper and early treatment for dental cavities.


OBJECTIF: L'objectif de ce travail était d'analyser les circonstances de diagnostic et la prise en charge thérapeutique des affections médiastinales à point de départ cervical. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Nous avons mené une étude descriptive longitudinale pro et rétrospective dans le service d'ORL du CHU Gabriel Touré de Bamako et qui a concerné les dossiers des patients traités pour médiastinite compliquant une cellulite cervico-faciale de janvier 2011 à Avril 2014. RÉSULTATS: Huit patients ont répondu à nos critères d'inclusion. L'âge médian était de 29 ans, l'écart type était de 10,23 ans avec des extrêmes de 25 et 57 ans. La porte d'entrée a été dentaire dans tous les cas. Le délai médian de consultation était de 13 jours avec des extrêmes de 10 et 1 mois. Six patients avaient eu des antiinflammatoires non stéroïdiens avant leur admission dans le service. Le scanner a permis d'orienter diagnostic, en montrant des signes en faveur de médiastinite, dans tous les cas. Sept patients ont bénéficié d'un drainage du médiastin par voie de cervicotomie, 3 patients ont bénéficié d'un drainage pleural percutané sous guidage échographique. Nous avons eu deux décès. CONCLUSION: La médiastinite au cours de la cellulite cervicale représente une pathologie infectieuse grave avec une mortalité qui reste élevée. Le drainage médiastinal a été effectué par voie cervicale. La prévention repose sur la sensibilisation de la population et sur l'importance de l'hygiène dentaire et la prise en charge correcte et précoce des caries dentaires.

6.
Mali Med ; 30(3): 46-49, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927168

RESUMO

AIMS: To evaluate the midterm results of myotomy for achalasia by thoracotomy procedure with the introduction of anti-reflux system by diaphragmatic flap. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study involved 21 patients (14 women and 7 men) operated for idiopathic megaesophagus during a period of 3 years. All the patients were operated by thoracotomy procedure. An anti-reflux system was performed using a diaphragmatic flap over the entire length of the myotomy. RESULTS: The mean age was 32 years (range 16 and 68 years). After the surgery we have seen a complete disappearance of dysphagia in 21 patients (100 %) (p <0.001) and a significant weight regain. Short term outcomes were marked by the occurrence of clinical gastroesophageal reflux disease in 1 patient (4.76%) who has received the anti-reflux system (p> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Oeso-cardio-myotomy of Heller by transthoracic procedure associated with the establishment of an anti reflux system by diaphragmatic flap has goods results.


BUT: Evaluer les résultats à mi-parcours de l'œsocardiomyotomie de Heller par voie transthoracique avec la mise en place du système anti-reflux par un lambeau diaphragmatique pour le mégaoesophage idiopathique. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude prospective ayant concerné 21 patients (14 femmes et 7 hommes) opérés pour un mégaoesophage idiopathique durant une période de 3 ans. La voie d'abord a été la voie transthoracique gauche pour tous nos patients. Un système anti-reflux avait été réalisé en utilisant un lambeau diaphragmatique sur toute la longueur de la myotomie de l'œsophage thoracique. RÉSULTATS: L'âge moyen était de 32 ans (extrêmes : 16 et 68 ans). Les suites immédiates étaient simples. Après l'intervention nous avons assisté à une disparition complète de la dysphagie chez 21 patients (100 %) (p < 0,001) et une reprise pondérale conséquente. Les suites à court terme étaient marquées par la survenue d'un reflux gastro-œsophagien clinique chez 1 patient (4.76 %) qui avait bénéficié d'un système anti-reflux (p > 0,05). CONCLUSION: L'œsocardiomyotomie de Heller par voie transthoracique associée à la mise en place systématique d'un système anti-reflux par lambeau diaphragmatique donne de bons résultats.

7.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 30(3): 46-49, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265698

RESUMO

But : Evaluer les resultats a mi-parcours de l'osocardiomyotomie de Heller par voie transthoracique avec la mise en place du systeme anti-reflux par un lambeau diaphragmatique pour le megaoesophage idiopathique. Patients et methodes : Il s'agissait d'une etude prospective ayant concerne 21 patients (14 femmes et 7 hommes) operes pour un megaoesophage idiopathique durant une periode de 3 ans. La voie d'abord a ete la voie transthoracique gauche pour tous nos patients. Un systeme anti-reflux avait ete realise en utilisant un lambeau diaphragmatique sur toute la longueur de la myotomie de l'oesophage thoracique. Resultats : L'age moyen etait de 32 ans (extremes : 16 et 68 ans). Les suites immediates etaient simples. Apres l'intervention nous avons assiste a une disparition complete de la dysphagie chez 21 patients (100 %) (p 0;001) et une reprise ponderale consequente. Les suites a court terme etaient marquees par la survenue d'un reflux gastro-osophagien clinique chez 1 patient (4.76 %) qui avait beneficie d'un systeme anti-reflux (p 0;05). Conclusion : L'osocardiomyotomie de Heller par voie transthoracique associee a la mise en place systematique d'un systeme anti-reflux par lambeau diaphragmatique donne de bons resultats


Assuntos
Relatos de Casos , Acalasia Esofágica , Refluxo Gastroesofágico
8.
Mali Med ; 27(1): 19-22, 2012.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22947296

RESUMO

AIMS: To determine the most frequent causes of the digestive perforations and to evaluate the surgical procedures, the morbidity and mortality. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was about a retrospective descriptive study, over 5 year's period in a visceral service of CHU du Point G, Bamako. Were included in the study all the patients operated for digestive perforation and hospitalized in the service of surgery "A". Were not included in the study patient operated not presenting a digestive perforation. Per operational etiologies of the perforations and their frequency were determined, as well as the morbidity and morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Files of 202 patients were collected. The average age of the patients was 28.3 ± 15.5 years with extremes of 6 and 71 years. The frequency of digestive perforations was higher in the age from 11 to 20 years (29.7%). The average time of consultation was of 7± 6 days. Abdominal pains, nauseas and vomiting, matter and gas stop (48.5%) were the most current functional signs. A "wood belly" abdomen was found in 72,3% of the cases. The radiography of abdomen without preparation found a diffuse greyness (64.7%), a pneumoperitoine (30.7%). A double antibiotic therapy was made in all the cases. A median laparotomy was practiced in 98,5%, and laparoscopy in 3 cases (1.5%). A single perforation was found among 172 patients (85,1%). Morbidity, all confused causes, was made of 30 cases of parietal suppurations (14.8%). Total mortality was 74%. According to aetiologies it was 10.3% in the typhic perforations, 4.6% in the appendicular perforations and 4.9% in the perforations of gastroduodenal ulcers. CONCLUSION: The most frequent aetiologies of digestive perforation in our context were the typhoid fever, acute appendicitis and the gastroduodenal ulcer. The résection - joining and peritoneal toilet were the most practised procedure. The main factor of bad outcome remains the diagnostic delay burdening morbidity and mortality.


Assuntos
Perfuração Intestinal/epidemiologia , Úlcera Péptica Perfurada/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Apendicite/complicações , Criança , Terapia Combinada , Diagnóstico Tardio , Neoplasias do Sistema Digestório/complicações , Feminino , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Hospitais Universitários/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Perfuração Intestinal/diagnóstico , Perfuração Intestinal/tratamento farmacológico , Perfuração Intestinal/etiologia , Perfuração Intestinal/cirurgia , Laparotomia , Masculino , Mali/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Úlcera Péptica Perfurada/diagnóstico , Úlcera Péptica Perfurada/tratamento farmacológico , Úlcera Péptica Perfurada/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estômago/lesões , Ruptura Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Ruptura Gástrica/epidemiologia , Ruptura Gástrica/cirurgia , Técnicas de Sutura , Febre Tifoide/complicações , Adulto Jovem
9.
Rev Mal Respir ; 29(1): 47-51, 2012 Jan.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22240219

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short term outcome of patients who underwent pleuro-pulmonary decortication. METHOD: This is a retrospective study of 174 patients treated for thoracic empyema in Point G Hospital, Bamako/Mali, between 2004 and 2007. Perioperative data of 51 patients who underwent pleuro-pulmonary decortication had been recorded. RESULTS: Of the 174 patients treated, 51 (29.3%) underwent pleuro-pulmonary decortication. 84.5% were male and 70.6% were less than 45 years old. A recent history of tuberculosis was found in 59%. Among the four patients selected for a thoracoscopic procedure, only two were treated successfully. A conventional postero-lateral thoracotomy was used in the remaining 49 patients. The lung expansion, estimated intraoperatively, was complete in 43 cases and incomplete in eight cases. Among these eight patients with incomplete lung expansion, four developed a secondary empyema and required a thoracoplasty. The postoperative mortality was 6% (three patients). CONCLUSION: In our hospital, one third of patients with thoracic empyema required a pleuro-pulmonary decortication. Incomplete lung expansion is a potential risk factor of postoperative infection necessitating re-operation or more extensive surgical procedures.


Assuntos
Empiema Pleural/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , África/epidemiologia , População Negra/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos de Coortes , Empiema Pleural/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mali/epidemiologia , Projetos Piloto , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Pulmonares/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
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